Plain bearings play a vital role in mechanical vehicles, but they are prone to wear, heat, bite and other phenomena under working conditions. In order to improve the service life of plain bearings, several effective preventive measures are discussed in this paper.
First, reasonable assembly and maintenance of bearings
Improve the quality of the hinge: ensure that the back of the bearing is smooth and spotless, and has a complete positioning bump.
Reasonable setting of the popping amount: the bearing can use the elastic force to closely fit the bearing seat hole after assembly.
Ensure tight fit: Adjust the upper and lower end of the bearing bush according to the actual situation, so that it can be closely matched to form enough friction self-shrinking force.
Strengthen inspection: Check crankshaft bearings and journal regularly to ensure installation specifications to avoid stress concentration and bending deformation.
Second, the correct use of bearings
Avoid low speed and heavy load operation: under low speed and heavy load conditions, shorten the working time of the engine as much as possible to reduce the adverse impact of the boundary lubrication state on the bearing.
Maintain adequate lubrication: Check the oil pan level regularly to ensure adequate lubricating oil. Check the quality of lubricating oil regularly and replace the deteriorated lubricating oil in time.
Third, regularly adjust and check the bearing
Non-disassembly inspection: Use experience or special equipment to monitor the abnormal sound of the bearing during operation and judge the bearing damage.
Disassembly inspection: carried out simultaneously with technical repair and maintenance, or after a problem has been discovered without disassembly inspection. The damage condition of bearing can be judged more accurately by disassembling inspection.
Fourth, optimize the design process
Heat balance design: Consider heat balance and control temperature rise when designing bearing structure. Ensure that the oil is evenly distributed to control the temperature rise.
Select the right bearing material: according to the actual working condition of the bearing, select the material with good mechanical properties, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and low thermal expansion coefficient. For example, babbitt is suitable for stable loads, while for unstable loads, low tin or high tin lead-based alloys may be considered.
conclusion
In summary, through reasonable assembly and maintenance of bearings, correct use of bearings, regular adjustment and inspection of bearings and optimization of design processes and other measures, can effectively prevent the damage of plain bearings, extend their service life, and bring higher economic benefits to mechanical vehicles.
